##### one-liners
function no(x)        { return x == "" }
function has(x)       { return length(x) }
function the(x,y)     { return no(x) ? y : x }
function round(x)     { return int(x<0 ? x - 0.5 : x + 0.5) }
function empty(x)     { split("",x,"") }
function empty2(a,x)  { a[x][1]=""; split("",a[x],"") }

#### constants
BEGIN {Const["pi"] = 3.14159265
       Const["e"]  = 2.71828183
       Const["num"]= "^[+-]?([0-9]+[.]?[0-9]*|[.][0-9]+)([eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?$"
}
